中国农业大学经济管理学院

中国灌溉管理改革40年的回顾与展望

时间：2020年8月4日（周二）16:00-17:30

地点：腾讯会议 357 347 336

汇报人：北京大学现代农学院王金霞教授

主持人：孟婷

报告摘要

本报告主要目的是回顾我国灌溉管理改革40年的发展历程、取得的主要成效及存在的主要问题，由此提出今后进一步的改革展望。报告不仅会回顾地下水灌溉系统产权制度变革的驱动因素及其对农业生产和地下水位的影响，而且也将分析地表水灌溉系统管理制度变迁取得的主要成效及存在的主要问题。最后，报告也将回顾节水技术采用的现状及影响因素、农业水价政策改革和水权制度建设等成效与挑战，最后报告基于最新的水管理策略提出今后的改革展望。

This study overviews China’s forty-year irrigation development, transformation of the institutional and incentive structures in irrigation management. After rural reforms in the 1970s, irrigation investments slowed until the late 1990s. In North China, farmers became major investors in groundwater irrigation, leading to property rights’ transfer of tubewells from collective to private ownership. Despite positive effects in cropping patterns, farmer income, and development of groundwater markets, privatization has accelerated groundwater table deterioration. Since the middle of 1990s, Water User Associations have replaced village collective management of surface irrigation. This trend reached most provinces by early 2001 with mixed results—only institutions with water saving incentives could realize efficient irrigation. The government is reforming water prices policies to provide water saving incentives to farmers while not hurting their income. While China has focused on water rights and markets, and despite regulations and pilot projects, full implementation of water rights has been slow. Research reveals greater policy scope for expanding irrigation technologies that generate real water saving to rural areas. Under pressures of water scarcity and food security, further effective reforms in irrigation and policy incentives thereof are expected. The government has also initiated some pilot projects to resolve increasing water scarcity problems through adjusting agricultural production activities.

报告人简介

王金霞，北京大学现代农学院教授、北京大学中国农业政策研究中心副主任，北京大学新农村发展研究院副院长，北京大学“博雅特聘教授”，国家自然科学基金“杰出青年”获得者，中国科学院“百人计划”入选者。主要研究领域包括水资源管理、制度与政策、气候变化影响与适应、农村环境政策。被世行、联合国开发计划署、英国发展部等多家国内外机构聘期为咨询专家。主持和参加了40多项国内外合作项目；在国内外学术刊物上公开发表学术论文190多篇，出版中英文专著6部；20多个政策报告被国办、中办及相关部委等采纳。

本次学术讲座是农业资源经济与政策创新团队系列活动，热烈欢迎广大老师和同学们参与讨论！